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Human Powered AircraftA human-powered aircraft is an aircraft powered exclusively by human muscle. Generally, this definition is restricted to planes making full takeoffs and excludes gliders.
Whilst human-powered flight has been achieved, it remains largely a curiosity rather than a practical transport method. Gossamer AlbatrossPerhaps the most well-known example is the Gossamer Albatross. The Gossamer Albatross was a human-powered aircraft built by Dr Paul B MacCready. On June 12, 1979 it completed a successful crossing of the English Channel to win the second Kremer prize. The aircraft was powered using pedals to drive a large two-bladed propeller. Piloted by professional cyclist Bryan Allen it completed the 35.8 km crossing in 2 hr 49 min, achieving a top speed of 18 mph (29 km/h) and an average altitude no more than 15 metres. The aircraft is of unusual configuration, using a large horizontal stabilizer forward in a manner similar to the Wright brothers successful craft. The Gossamer Albatross was constructed using plastic over a carbon fibre frame, with the structure of the wings provided with expanded polystyrene ribs. The entire structure was then wrapped in a thin, transparent plastic (mylar). The empty weight of the structure was only 32 kg, although the gross weight for the Channel flight was almost 100 kg. To maintain the craft in the air it was designed with very long tapering wings, like those of a glider, allowing some of the flight to be undertaken without constant power. Characteristics
The aircraft was designed and built by MacCready who is a noted US aeronautics engineer, designer and glider pilott, and 'Gossamer Albatross was his second human-powered aircraft.The first was the Gossamer Condor which won the first Kremer prize on August 23, 1977 by completing a figure '8' course. MacCready's team built two Albatrosses, the back-up plane was jointly tested as part of the NASA Langley/Dryden flight research program in 1980. Part of this testing included flights inside the Houston Astrodome, the first ever controlled indoor flights by a human-powered aircraft. The Albatross II is currently on display at The Museum of Flight (http://www.museumofflight.org) in Seattle, Washington. A follow-up to the Albatross was the solar-powered Gossamer Penguin in 1980.
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Human-powered_aircraft" and from http://www.treadly.com
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